When the mechanical load and speed are the same, the higher the viscosity of the high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil used, the greater the power loss. (Almost all brands of high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil) exhibit similar viscosities at high temperatures. The viscosity of high-temperature heat transfer oil refers to the thinness and fluidity of the high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil under specified conditions.
Usually, when the viscosity of the high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil changes by ±15%, the manufacturer considers the indicator to be outdated. For example, when the heating medium undergoes oxidative condensation, its viscosity will increase significantly. Low viscosity and good pumpability are desirable. After pyrolysis, due to overheating, soluble polymers are generated, and the viscosity increases sharply.
The acid value is the total amount of organic acids and inorganic acids in the high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil, which is the total amount of potassium hydroxide consumed per gram of high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil. Low molecular weight organic acids and inorganic acids can corrode metals. Organic acids are divided into low molecular weight organic acids and high molecular weight organic acids, and the corrosion is exacerbated in the presence of water molecules.
As viscosity increases, the flow point of the high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil also increases, and when the high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil cools, solid or viscous asphaltene phenomena will appear in the hot oil furnace tubes. The hot oil pump cannot rotate, the furnace tubes become blocked, and the hot oil furnace cannot heat. At this point, cleaning the hot oil furnace requires a significant amount of material and labor to clean the hot oil furnace tubes, and sometimes the hot oil furnace may be scrapped. When there are many light volatile components, the viscosity will decrease, but the vapor pressure will increase and the volatility will be high. The high-temperature synthetic heat transfer oil pump operating at high temperatures will generate air resistance and cause traffic difficulties.

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